Process of making gas.



No. 67|;s3o. Patented Apr. s, |901.

. L. noun.

PBUEESS 0F VMAKING GAS.

. (Applicntion'lod Juno l, 189B.)

` (No Model.)

m: Nom'us PETERS co. PH01o-UTHu.wAsHl-cToN, D, l:A

Nrrn ,STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LUDWIG MOND, OF NORTHWICH, ENGLAND.

PROCESS OF MAKING GAS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 671,630, dated April 9, 1901.

Application filed June l, 1898. Serial No. 682,232. (N0 Specimens-l To 1f/ZZ whom, 111'; may con/cern,.-

Be it known that I, LUDWIG MOND, manufacturing chemist, a subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing at Winnington Hall, Northwich, in the county of Chester, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Converting Fuel into Combustible Gases, (for which I have obtained provisional protection in England,No.27,257,

dated November 20, 1897,) of which the folpart of the oxygen or steam now used for gasifying the fuel by carbon dioxid, which becomes reduced to carbon monoxid by contact with the incandescent carbon of the burningI fuel. Each pound of fuel which by contact with carbon dioxid becomes converted into carbon monoxid yields twice the quantity of the latter gas in comparison to the quantity obtained in converting it by means of oxygen or steam. The quantity of combustible gas obtained from a given quantity of fuel is thus increased in proportion to the amount of carbon dioxid which can be introduced into the gas-generator in lieu of oxygen or steam. The reduction of the carbon dioxid by contact' with carbon consumes, however, a large amount of heat, (calories,) which has to be supplied by another part of the fuel being burned by means of oxygen. The amount of oxygen replaceable by carbon dioxid is therefore limited, as by using too large a quantity of the latter the gas-generator would not remain hot enough for the gasification of the fuel. This amount also varies with the quality of the fuel, with the temperature at which the mixture of air, steam, and gases containing carbon dioxid is introduced into the generator, and with the amount of steam in this mixture.

In practice I ind that the amount of oxygen-which can be replaced by carbon dioxid without interfering with the working of the gas generator varies between fifteen and thirty per cent., and that the yield of gases obtainable from the fuel is thereby increased accordingly.

The definite proportions of air, steam, and carbon dioxid which under certain conditions of fuel, dac., may be used in carrying out my process are as follows: air, fifty-eight volumes; carbon dioxid, four volumes; steam, thirty-eight volumes.

As a source of carbon dioxid I may use 0rdinary chimney-gases; but where they are Vavailable I prefer to use the exhaust-gases from gas-engines, which issue from these engines at a high temperature.

The accompanying drawing showsA a front .view of an arrangement for carrying invin- `in any well-known manner; but I prefer to form the generator A and its gas-due J with a jacket or casing X, substantially as described in my PatentNo. 546,049. The steam and air then enter this jacket and from thence are supplied to the generator-furnace,

exactly as set forth in my said specification. When, however, carbonio acid is admitted, a lesser amount of steam is required than where this is not the case. The heat of the generator is preferably kept at a low red heat in order to prevent the disassociation of the ammonia, and the amount of steam and carbonic acid supplied to the generator-furnace is regulated so as to keep the heat at dull redness.

Many other devices may of course be substituted for the one described for obtaining the same object.

In this manner the heat contained in that part of the exhaust-gases which is returned to the gas-generator, as well as the carbon dioxid contained in these exhaust-gases, are

utilized to increase the yield of combustible air, steam and carbon dioxid definitely proto gases and the power obtainable from the fuel portioned for maintaining this temperature. consumed in the gas-generator. In Witness whereof I have hereunto signed I declare that what I claim ismy name, this 20th day of May, 1898, in the 5 In the process of obtaining combustible presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

gases from fuel7 preventing the Waste of heat LUDWIG MOND. and disassociation of ammoniaJ by maintain- Witnesses: ing the fuel uniformly at a dull-red heat by CHARLES ROCHE, continuously supplying it With a, mixture of RICHARD JOHN PARSONS. 

